NMLP P-037776 · True-first precedence · minted 2026-07-19
Wieland; or, The Transformation
Charles Brockden Brown · T. & J. Swords for H. Caritat, New York · 1798
American original — the first major American gothic novel; the New York 1798 printing is the true first in any market. No contemporary British edition exists: the earliest London printing followed years later and has no claim to priority (the census's 1811 date could not be independently confirmed and is omitted here).
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New Mexico Literacy Project — True-first precedence NMLP P-037776 for "Wieland; or, The Transformation" by Charles Brockden Brown (https://newmexicoliteracyproject.org/id/point/p-037776, CC BY 4.0, dataset DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21184548).