Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo

Florence: Giovanni Battista Landini, 1632 is the true first — the Italian original, printed under a formal licence from the Inquisition, presented to Ferdinando II de' Medici on 22 February 1632, and suppressed within months, with the work placed on the Index in 1633. Two later editions must be named because both are collected in their own right. The first Latin is Systema cosmicum, translated by Matthias Bernegger at Galileo's wish and printed at Strasbourg by David Hautt in 1635 in an edition of about 600 copies, on sale by March of that year. The first English is in the first tome of Thomas Salusbury's Mathematical Collections and Translations (London, 1661) — the first rendering of the Dialogo into any vernacular and the only one for more than two centuries; Salusbury's second tome of 1665 was almost wholly destroyed in the Great Fire of London in 1666, with only about seven copies of its first part recorded. Stillman Drake's 1953 translation is a modern 'first thus', not a first edition of anything.