Primer romancero gitano (Romancero gitano / Gypsy Ballads)

The Spanish original is the true first and the only edition collected as such: Revista de Occidente, Madrid, 1928. There is no competing UK/US edition of the period — Lorca had not yet appeared in English book form in 1928, so no precedence question arises. The census note that "English translations only from the late 1930s" is imprecise and is refined here: Lorca's first appearance in English book form was A. L. Lloyd's bilingual selection Lament for the Death of a Bullfighter and Other Poems (Heinemann, London, 1937; an Oxford University Press New York issue the same year), which is a selection, NOT the Romancero gitano. The Romancero gitano itself first reached English book form in Langston Hughes's translation, issued as Beloit Poetry Journal Chapbook No. 1 (1951, introduction by Robert Glauber, illustrated by John McNee Jr., a run of one thousand copies), followed by Rolfe Humphries's translation (Indiana University Press, 1953). All English versions are translations, never firsts.