The Circular Staircase

US precedes UK: The Bobbs-Merrill Company (Indianapolis) 1908 is the true first, and precedence is not in doubt — Rinehart was American and the novel ran first as a serial in All-Story across five issues beginning November 1907, before book publication. The census's "UK Cassell 1909" could not be corroborated in any source consulted; the English edition followed the American, but treat the English publisher and date as unconfirmed rather than repeating Cassell 1909 as established.