The Cherry Orchard (Vishnyovyi sad)

The census is right on both counts: the Russian original precedes all translations, and within 1904 the Znanie almanac precedes the Marks separate edition. Both are collected and the distinction must always be stated — the Znanie Book II is the first appearance in print and the earliest text; the Marks is the first edition in book form and carries a revised text. Neither is a translation and both are 1904. On the English side the census's '1908–1912' range is right but should name the two editions: the first English translation is 'The Cherry Garden', translated by Max S. Mandell, New Haven: Yale Courant, 1908 — the first American edition and first appearance in English, in publisher's black cloth lettered gilt on the upper board, with a folding facsimile letter from the actress Alla Nazimova endorsing the translation — while George Calderon's translation in 'Two Plays by Tchekhof' (London: Grant Richards, 1912; printed by the Riverside Press, Edinburgh) is the first British publication.